「Part8」2017政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版
精准加力补短板。
注:
strengthen areas of weakness
补短板
We need to focus on salient problems that are holding back economic and social development and making it difficult to improve people's standards of living,
要针对严重制约经济社会发展和民生改善的突出问题，
注:
salient ['seɪliənt]（[Part 5]出现过）
The salient facts about something or qualities of something are the most important things about them 显着的，突出的
She began to summarize the salient features/points of the proposal.
她开始总结提议中的突出特点／要点。
对比[突出]：
[Part 6]
人民群众普遍关心的突出问题：prominent problems of public concern
[Part 4]
xxs问题仍较突出：xxs remain standout problems
[Part 1]
结构性问题突出、风险隐患显现：major structural problems, prominent risks and dangers
and we should integrate efforts to undertake major projects set out in the 13th Five-Year Plan with efforts to strengthen areas of weakness.
结合实施“十三五”规划确定的重大项目，加大补短板力度，
We should act faster to raise the capacity of public services, infrastructure, innovation-driven development, and resources and the environment to sustain development.
加快提升公共服务、基础设施、创新发展、资源环境等支撑能力。
Poor areas and people living in poverty represent the area of greatest weakness we must face as we work to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
贫困地区和贫困人口是全面建成小康社会最大的短板。
注:
poor areas and people living in poverty
贫困地区和贫困人口
the area of greatest weakness
最大的短板/最薄弱环节
We need to do more in implementing targeted poverty reduction and elimination measures.
要深入实施精准扶贫精准脱贫，
注:
targeted poverty reduction and elimination
精准扶贫精准脱贫
This year we will further reduce the number of rural residents living in poverty by over 10 million,
今年再减少农村贫困人口1000万以上，
including 3.4 million to be relocated from inhospitable areas.
完成易地扶贫搬迁340万人。
Central government funding for poverty alleviation will be increased by over 30 percent.
中央财政专项扶贫资金增长30%以上。
注:
poverty alleviation/poverty reduction
扶贫
We need to step up development in contiguous areas of extreme poverty and old revolutionary bases.
加强集中连片特困地区、革命老区开发，
注:
contiguous areas of extreme poverty
连片特困地区
old revolutionary bases
革命老区
For this we should focus on the following work: improving infrastructure and public services;
改善基础设施和公共服务，
fostering poverty alleviation through distinctive local businesses, the domestic and overseas export of labor, and the improvement of education and health care;
推动特色产业发展、劳务输出、教育和健康扶贫，
注:
distinctive local businesses
特色产业
the domestic and overseas export of labor
劳务输出
implementing the program for improving life in poor villages,
实施贫困村整体提升工程，
and building the self-development capacity of poor areas and people.
增强贫困地区和贫困群众自我发展能力。
In poor counties, different rural development funds will be merged,
推进贫困县涉农资金整合，
and oversight over funds and projects will be strengthened.
强化资金和项目监管。
We will develop new mechanisms for coordinating poverty reduction efforts.
创新扶贫协作机制，
We will support non-governmental participation in combating poverty.
支持社会力量参与扶贫。
注:
combating poverty/poverty alleviation/poverty reduction
扶贫
poverty elimination
脱贫
The system for ensuring responsibility is taken for poverty elimination will be effectively enforced,
切实落实脱贫攻坚责任制，
the strictest possible evaluations and assessments of poverty alleviation will be carried out,
实施最严格的评估考核，
and stern measures will be taken to address deception, falsification, and the manipulation of numbers in poverty elimination work.
严肃查处假脱贫、“被脱贫”、数字脱贫，
注:
deception, falsification, and the manipulation of numbers in poverty elimination work
假脱贫、“被脱贫”、数字脱贫
deception:the act of hiding the truth, especially to get an advantage 欺骗；欺诈；隐瞒
He was found guilty of obtaining money by deception.
他骗取钱财的罪名被判成立。
falsification 弄虚作假；伪造；窜改；歪曲
stern [stɜː(r)n]
severe, or showing disapproval 严厉的，苛刻的
a stern look/warning/voice
严厉的目光／警告／语气
对比[严格/严肃]：
上文刚出现的[最严格的]：the strictest
[Part 4]
严格执行..：rigorously enforce ..
[Part 7]
严控..：stringently control ..
We must see that the results of our poverty elimination earn the approval of our people and stand the test of time.
确保脱贫得到群众认可、经得起历史检验。
注:
earn the approval of our people
得到群众认可
stand the test of time
经得起历史检验
2. Deepening reform in major sectors and key links
（二）深化重要领域和关键环节改革。
Full reform will be deepened in all areas.
要全面深化各领域改革，
We will move faster to advance fundamental and critical reforms to boost the internal forces driving development.
加快推进基础性、关键性改革，增强内生发展动力。
注:
boost the internal forces driving development
增强内生发展动力
We will continue to transform government functions.
持续推进政府职能转变。
To enable the market to play the decisive role in resource allocation and to give better play to the role of government,
使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，
注:
play the decisive role in
在...中起决定性作用
give better play to the role of (government)
更好发挥(政府)作用
we must deepen reforms to streamline government administration,
delegate more powers, and improve regulation and service.
必须深化简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。
注:
streamline government administration, delegate more powers, mprove regulation and service
简政放权、放管结合、优化服务
This is a profound reform of government itself,
这是政府自身的一场深刻革命，
which we need to continue to pursue with the courage to make painful self-adjustments and overcome all odds*.
要继续以壮士断腕的勇气，坚决披荆斩棘向前推进*。
We will fully implement the list-based management system,
全面实行清单管理制度，
注:
the list-based management system
清单管理制度
formulate lists of powers and responsibilities of the departments under the State Council,
制定国务院部门权力和责任清单，
expand the piloting of granting market access on the basis of a negative list,
扩大市场准入负面清单试点，
注:
the piloting of granting market access on the basis of a negative list
市场准入负面清单试点
and reduce the discretionary powers of the government while giving the market more freedom to take its course.
减少政府的自由裁量权，增加市场的自主选择权。
注:
the discretionary powers
自由裁量权
take its course
顺其自然；按照正常的程序进行；按常规进行
discretionary [dɪ'skreʃ(ə)n(ə)ri]
decided by officials and not fixed by rules （由官员）自行决定的，自主的
a discretionary grant
自主拨款
We will abolish the requirement for permits for a number of production and service activities.
清理取消一批生产和服务许可证。
注:
permits for production and service activities
生产和服务许可证
We will deepen institutional reforms in the business sector,
深化商事制度改革，
注:
institutional reforms in the business sector
商事制度改革
merge different forms of certification required of businesses into one certificate,
实行多证合一，
and expand trials to separate operating permits and business licenses.
扩大“证照分离”改革试点。
注:
separate operating permits and business licenses
证照分离：所谓“照”，指的是工商部门颁发的营业执照，而”证”，指的是各相关行业主管部门颁发的经营许可证。(原先要开办一家公司，首先要取得主管部门的经营许可证，才能到工商部门申办营业执照。)
We will improve the system for conducting both registration and post-registration oversight over businesses,
完善事中事后监管制度，
apply the oversight model of random inspection and public release to cover all business activities,
实现“双随机、一公开”监管全覆盖，
注:（[Part 2]出现过）
oversight model of random inspection and public release across the board
“双随机、一公开”，即在监管过程中随机抽取检查对象，随机选派执法检查人员，抽查情况及查处结果及时向社会公开。
* The model comprises inspections of randomly selected entities by randomly selected inspectors and the public release of inspection results.
and strengthen coordinated administrative law enforcement.
推进综合行政执法。
We will accelerate efforts to make the information systems of the State Council departments and those of local governments better connected and form a nationally unified government service platform.
加快国务院部门和地方政府信息系统互联互通，形成全国统一政务服务平台。
注:
a nationally unified government service platform
全国统一政务服务平台
To see that businesses and the public benefit more from our reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services,
我们一定要让企业和群众更多感受到“放管服”改革成效，
注:
streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services
"放管服"，就是简政放权、放管结合、优化服务的简称。[上文刚出现过]
we must cut red tape, level the playing field, provide greater convenience, and remove that last crucial hurdle.
着力打通“最后一公里”，坚决除烦苛之弊、施公平之策、开便利之门。
注:
cut red tape
除烦苛；减少繁文缛节
a level playing field：a situation in which everyone has the same chance of succeeding 公平竞争的环境
the last crucial hurdle
“最后一公里”原指完成长途跋涉的最后一段里程，被引申为完成一件事情最后的而且是最关键的步骤。
We will continue to reform fiscal and tax systems.
继续推进财税体制改革。
We will implement and improve policies on piloting the replacement of business tax with VAT across the board.
落实和完善全面推开营改增试点政策。
注:
piloting the replacement of business tax with VAT
营改增试点
We will simplify the structure of VAT rates,
简化增值税税率结构，
and undertake this year to turn the four tax brackets into three.
今年由四档税率简并至三档，
注:
bracket:a group with fixed upper and lower limits 等级；段；档次
They were both surgeons in a high income bracket.
他俩都属于高收入阶层的外科医生。
Her pay rise brought her into a new tax bracket.
她薪水的增加使她进入了新的纳税等级。
We will create a simple, transparent, and fairer tax environment and further ease the tax burden of our firms.
营造简洁透明、更加公平的税收环境，进一步减轻企业税收负担。
We will move forward with the reform to define the respective financial powers and expenditure responsibilities of the central and local governments,
推进中央与地方财政事权和支出责任划分改革，
注:
financial powers
财政事权
expenditure responsibilities
支出责任
speed up work on formulating an overall plan for central and local government revenue sharing,
加快制定收入划分总体方案，
improve the local tax system,
健全地方税体系，
and better regulate local government debt financing.
规范地方政府举债行为。
注:
regulate local government debt financing
规范地方政府举债
We will step up efforts to make government budgets and final accounts more transparent to create pressure for idle budgetary funds to be put to good use.
深入推进政府预决算公开，倒逼沉淀资金盘活，
注:
budgets and final accounts
预决算
idle budgetary funds
沉淀资金
对比[Part 7]
[促进企业盘活存量资产]:We need to see that the idle assets of enterprises are put to use,
be put to (good) use
盘活:采取措施，使资产、资金等恢复运作，产生效益。
We must use funds more efficiently,
提高资金使用效率，
and ensure every single sum is spent where it can be seen and produces results.
每一笔钱都要花在明处、用出实效。
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